How to Get Your California Driver's License

What you need to do to get a California driver's license

To get a California driver's license, you will need to pass a written test on traffic laws, pass a behind-the-wheel driving test, and provide proof of identity and residency to the Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV). The process takes place over two separate visits: first you take the written test, then you schedule a driving test appointment for a later date. You cannot take the driving test on the same day as the written test.

California issues licenses to people age 16 and older. If you are under 18, you must hold a learner's permit for at least six months before you can take the driving test. If you are 18 or older, you can take both tests without the waiting period, though you still need to pass the written test first.

Key Takeaways

You must visit the DMV twice: once to pass the written test and provide documents, and again to take the driving test at least six months later (or when ready if you are 18 or older).
Bring your birth certificate or passport, proof of California residency (such as a utility bill or lease), and your Social Security number or Individual Taxpayer Identification Number to your first visit.
The written test covers California traffic laws and road signs; you can study using the DMV's free handbook or take practice tests on the DMV website.
For the driving test, bring a vehicle that is registered, insured, and has working safety equipment, and bring someone with a valid license to accompany you if you are under 18.

Documents you need to bring to the DMV

Bring your original birth certificate, passport, or consular report of birth abroad. If you do not have one of these, you can bring a combination of other documents — the DMV website lists acceptable combinations. You will also need proof that you live in California, such as a recent utility bill, lease agreement, bank statement, or government mail addressed to you at your current address.

You must provide your Social Security number or your Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN). If you do not have either, you can still get a license, but you will need to complete additional paperwork and the DMV will issue you a license number instead of using your Social Security number.

Bring your learner's permit if you have one. If you are renewing an expired license, bring the expired license itself. Do not bring originals of documents you need to keep — the DMV will make copies.

Taking the written test at the DMV

The written test has 36 questions about California traffic laws, road signs, and safe driving practices. You must answer at least 30 questions correctly to pass. The test is offered in multiple languages, including Spanish, Chinese, Vietnamese, and others — ask the DMV clerk which languages are available at your location.

You can study for free using the California DMV Handbook, which is available online and in print at any DMV office. The handbook covers everything on the test. The DMV website also offers free practice tests that show you the exact format and types of questions you will see.

You can retake the written test if you fail, but you must wait at least one day before your next attempt. There is no limit to how many times you can retake it. After you pass, the DMV will issue you a learner's permit (if you are under 18) or a temporary license document that you can use while you wait for your driving test appointment.

Scheduling and taking the driving test

After you pass the written test, you can schedule your driving test appointment. If you are under 18, you must wait at least six months from the date you passed the written test. If you are 18 or older, you can schedule the test when ready. You can book your appointment online through the DMV website, by phone, or in person at a DMV office.

For the driving test, bring a vehicle that is currently registered in California, has valid insurance, and has all safety equipment working (lights, wipers, brakes, horn, mirrors). The vehicle must be clean enough for the examiner to see out the windows. Bring your learner's permit or the temporary license document the DMV gave you after you passed the written test.

If you are under 18, you must bring a licensed driver who is at least 18 years old to sit in the front passenger seat during the test. The examiner will ask you to perform specific driving tasks, such as parking, turning, and stopping. The test usually takes 20 to 30 minutes. You will know whether you passed or failed before you leave the DMV.

What happens after you pass the driving test

If you pass the driving test, the DMV will take your photograph and issue your California driver's license on the spot. You can use this license when ready for driving. Your license will be valid for five years if you are under 70 years old, or four years if you are 70 or older.

If you fail the driving test, you can retake it. You must wait at least two weeks before your next attempt, though you can schedule it sooner if appointments are available. There is no limit to how many times you can retake the driving test. You do not need to retake the written test unless your learner's permit or temporary license expires before you pass the driving test.

Costs and processing times

The fee for a California driver's license is $39 if you are getting your first license, or $36 if you are renewing. Fees vary slightly depending on your age and whether you are getting a standard or Real ID license. The DMV accepts cash, check, debit card, and credit card.

Wait times at DMV offices vary widely by location and time of day. You can check current wait times on the DMV website before you go. Booking an appointment online usually means a shorter wait than walking in without one. Processing your process takes a few minutes if all your documents are correct, but the DMV may need to verify information with other agencies, which can add time.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I take the driving test in a different vehicle than the one I practiced in?

Yes. The vehicle must be registered, insured, and have working safety equipment, but it does not have to be the same car you used for practice. Many people borrow a vehicle for the test. Make sure you are familiar with where the controls are before the test begins.

What if I fail the written test?

You can retake it the next day or any day after that. There is no waiting period and no limit to how many times you can retake it. Study the areas where you missed questions and try again.

Do I need a Real ID license or a standard license?

A standard California driver's license works for driving. A Real ID license has an extra security feature and is required for domestic air travel and entry to federal buildings. Both cost about the same and are issued at the same time. Ask the DMV clerk which one you want when you explore.

What if I am not a U.S. citizen?

California issues driver's licenses to people regardless of immigration status. You will need to provide proof of identity and California residency. If you do not have a Social Security number, you can provide an ITIN instead. The process is the same as for citizens.

Can I get a license if I have an out-of-state license?

If you have a valid driver's license from another state, you can exchange it for a California license without taking the written or driving tests. Bring your out-of-state license and proof of California residency to the DMV. You will still need to have your photograph taken and pay the license fee.

This guide is for general information only and is not medical, financial, legal, or other professional advice. For decisions specific to your situation, consult a qualified professional. See our Editorial Policy.