What an identification card is and why you need one

An identification card is a government-issued document that proves who you are. It contains your photograph, name, date of birth, and a unique ID number. Most states issue them through the Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV), though some states call theirs a "Real ID" or use different names for the same document.

You need an ID card to open a bank account, board a plane, enter federal buildings, rent an apartment, or prove your age when buying age-restricted items. If you do not drive, a state ID card serves the same purpose as a driver's license for identification — it just does not grant driving privileges. Many employers also require one before your first day of work.

Key Takeaways

  • State ID cards are issued by your state's Department of Motor Vehicles and cost between $10 and $30 depending on where you live.
  • You will need to bring proof of identity (like a birth certificate or passport), proof of your current address, and proof of your Social Security number to the DMV.
  • Processing times vary by state — some issue cards the same day, while others take two to four weeks by mail.
  • If you have lost your ID, you can request a replacement at the DMV without reapplying from scratch.
  • Real ID cards meet federal requirements for air travel and federal building entry, while standard state IDs do not.

Gather the documents you need before visiting the DMV

The DMV requires three categories of documents: proof of identity, proof of your current address, and proof of your Social Security number. Bring originals or certified copies — photocopies alone will not work.

For proof of identity, bring one of these: a U.S. birth certificate, U.S. passport, passport card, or consular report of birth abroad. If you were born outside the U.S., a green card or employment authorization document also works. For proof of address, bring a recent utility bill, lease, mortgage statement, or bank statement showing your name and current street address — it must be dated within the last 60 days. For proof of your Social Security number, bring your Social Security card, W-2 form, tax return, or a letter from the Social Security Administration.

If you do not have a Social Security number, some states allow you to explore for an ID using an Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN) instead. Call your state DMV before you go to confirm what they accept.

Complete the process form at the DMV

Visit your state's DMV website to find the nearest office and check their current hours — many DMVs have reduced hours or require appointments. Some states let you fill out the process online before you arrive, which speeds up the process.

At the DMV, you will complete an process form (usually called a DL 44 or similar, depending on your state). The form asks for your full legal name, date of birth, address, height, eye color, and signature. Bring the documents listed above. A DMV staff member will verify your documents, take your photograph, and collect your fee.

If your legal name has changed due to marriage, divorce, or court order, bring the document that proves the change — a marriage certificate, divorce decree, or court order. Without it, your ID will be issued under your previous name.

Pay the fee and receive your card

State ID card fees range from $10 to $30, depending on your state and how long the card is valid. Some states charge less for seniors or people with disabilities. Ask the DMV staff what payment methods they accept — most take cash, debit, and credit cards, but some DMVs are cash-only.

If you are explore for a Real ID card (which meets federal requirements for air travel and federal building entry), the fee may be slightly higher than a standard state ID. Real ID cards have a gold or star symbol on them. You do not have to choose Real ID — a standard state ID is still valid for most purposes — but Real ID is required if you plan to fly domestically or enter a federal building after May 7, 2025.

Understand processing time and how to receive your card

Some states issue ID cards on the spot before you leave the DMV. Others mail the card to your address within two to four weeks. A few states offer expedited processing for an extra fee if you need the card faster. Check your state DMV's website to see which option applies to you.

When your card arrives by mail, open it carefully and check that all information is correct — your name, date of birth, address, and ID number. If anything is wrong, contact the DMV when ready to request a correction. Corrections are usually free if made within a certain window (often 30 days).

Replace a lost, stolen, or damaged ID card

If your ID card is lost, stolen, or damaged, you do not need to start the process process over. Instead, request a replacement at the DMV. Bring your proof of identity and address again, but you will not need to provide proof of your Social Security number a second time — the DMV has that on file.

Replacement cards usually cost less than an original card and process faster. Some states allow you to request a replacement online or by mail without visiting the DMV in person. If your card was stolen, consider reporting it to the police and to the DMV — some states flag stolen IDs in their system to prevent fraud.

Know the difference between a state ID and a Real ID

A standard state ID card proves your identity but does not meet federal requirements for air travel or federal building entry. A Real ID card has the same information but includes a gold star or symbol in the upper right corner and meets the federal REAL ID Act standards.

If you plan to fly domestically or enter a federal courthouse, military base, or other federal building, you will need either a Real ID card, a passport, a passport card, or a military ID. A standard state ID is not enough for these purposes. However, if you only need an ID for opening a bank account, renting an apartment, or proving your age, a standard state ID works fine and costs less.

When you explore at the DMV, ask whether you want a standard state ID or a Real ID. The process process is the same — the only difference is the documents required and the fee.

Frequently Asked Questions

What if I do not have a birth certificate?

You can request a certified copy from the vital records office in the state or country where you were born. This usually takes one to two weeks and costs $10 to $30. If you cannot obtain a birth certificate, ask the DMV what alternative documents they accept — some accept a passport, passport card, or consular report of birth abroad instead.

Can I get an ID card if I am homeless?

Yes. Most states allow you to use a shelter address, a mailing address at a social services agency, or a general delivery address at the post office as your proof of address. Contact your local DMV or homeless services agency to confirm what address format your state accepts.

How long is an ID card valid?

State ID cards are typically valid for four to eight years, depending on your state and your age. Your card will show an expiration date. When it expires, you must renew it at the DMV. Renewal is usually faster and cheaper than getting a new card.

What if my name or address changes after I get my ID?

You can update your information at the DMV without getting a new card, though some states charge a small fee. Bring proof of the change (like a marriage certificate or new lease) and your current ID. Some states allow address changes online or by mail.

Do I need a Real ID if I only drive locally?

No. A standard state ID or driver's license is fine for driving and most everyday purposes. You only need Real ID if you plan to fly domestically, enter a federal building, or board a cruise ship. Check your state DMV website to see which option is right for your situation.