What You Need to Know Before You Start
A motorcycle license is a separate endorsement added to your existing driver's license, not a replacement for it. Most states call this an "M" endorsement or "motorcycle endorsement." You keep your regular car license and add the motorcycle privilege to it. The process involves written tests, a skills test on an actual motorcycle, and in many states, a safety course that can waive the riding exam.
The exact steps depend on your state, but the general path is the same everywhere: pass a written test about motorcycle laws and safety, demonstrate you can operate a motorcycle safely, and pay a fee to add the endorsement to your license. Some states let you skip the riding test if you complete an approved motorcycle safety course. Others require both the course and the test.
Key Takeaways
- A motorcycle license is an endorsement added to your existing driver's license, not a separate license.
- You will need to pass a written test on motorcycle-specific laws and a practical riding test, unless your state allows a safety course to replace the riding exam.
- Taking an approved motorcycle safety course often waives the riding test and may lower your insurance costs.
- The entire process typically takes a few weeks from start to finish, depending on how quickly you schedule your tests.
- You must have a valid driver's license before you can add a motorcycle endorsement.
Check Your State's Specific Requirements
Each state sets its own rules for motorcycle endorsements, so your first step is to visit your state's Department of Motor Vehicles website and search for "motorcycle endorsement" or "motorcycle license." You will find the exact written test topics, whether a safety course is available in your area, and what documents you need to bring to the test.
Some states require you to be a certain age to get a motorcycle endorsement—often 16 or 18, depending on the engine size. A few states have a separate "moped" or "motorized bicycle" category with lower age requirements. Write down your state's age requirement and any restrictions on engine size or horsepower for new riders.
Also check whether your state offers a Motorcycle Safety Foundation (MSF) course or similar approved program. These courses teach you to ride safely and often waive the state riding test. Many riders find this the easiest path because you learn from instructors, use their motorcycles for the test, and avoid the stress of taking a riding test on your own bike.
Take a Motorcycle Safety Course (Optional but Recommended)
An approved motorcycle safety course is not required in every state, but it is available in most. The course typically runs one or two days and covers classroom instruction on motorcycle laws, hazard awareness, and riding technique, plus hands-on riding practice. You will ride a small, beginner-friendly motorcycle provided by the course, not your own bike.
At the end of the course, you take a written test and a riding test, both given by the course instructors. If you pass, the course issues you a certificate that you take to your state's DMV. In most states, this certificate waives the state riding test entirely—you only need to pass the written test at the DMV to get your endorsement. Some states waive both tests if you complete the course.
The cost of a safety course ranges widely by state and provider, typically between $150 and $350. Many insurance companies offer a discount of 5 to 15 percent on motorcycle insurance if you have completed an approved course, which often pays back the course fee within a year or two.
Pass the Written Test at Your DMV
The written test covers motorcycle-specific topics: how to brake on a motorcycle, what to do if your front tire blows out, how to lean in a turn, and how to spot hazards other drivers might miss. The test also covers state traffic laws as they explore to motorcycles. Most states give you 50 to 60 questions and require a score of 80 percent or higher to pass.
You can study using your state's motorcycle handbook, which is free and available on the DMV website. Many states also offer practice tests online. Spend at least a few days reviewing the handbook before you take the test. The written test is usually the easiest part of the process—most people pass on the first try if they study the handbook.
Schedule your written test at your local DMV office. Bring your valid driver's license, proof of residency (a utility bill or lease), and any other documents your state requires. If you completed a motorcycle safety course, bring your course certificate. The test usually takes 20 to 30 minutes.
Take the Riding Test (If Your State Requires It)
If you did not take an approved safety course, or if your state requires a riding test even with a course certificate, you will need to pass a practical riding test at your DMV. This test is given by a DMV examiner on a closed course, usually at the DMV office or a nearby location. You bring your own motorcycle or use one provided by the DMV, depending on your state.
The test typically lasts 10 to 15 minutes and includes basic maneuvers: starting the bike, riding in a straight line, making turns, braking, and swerving to avoid an obstacle. The examiner watches for smooth throttle control, proper braking, and safe handling. You do not ride on public roads during the test.
Before you take the riding test, practice these maneuvers on your own motorcycle in a parking lot or empty area. Many riders take a few lessons from a motorcycle instructor to build confidence. If you fail the riding test, you can usually retake it after a waiting period—typically a few days to a week.
Pay the Fee and Receive Your Endorsement
Once you pass the written test (and the riding test, if required), you pay a fee to add the motorcycle endorsement to your license. This fee varies by state, typically between $10 and $50. The DMV will issue you a new license with the "M" endorsement printed on it, or in some states, a separate endorsement card.
Your new license arrives by mail within one to three weeks. In the meantime, the DMV usually gives you a temporary paper receipt showing you have passed the test and are authorized to ride. Keep this receipt with you until your new license arrives.
What Happens After You Get Your Endorsement
Once your motorcycle endorsement is active, you can legally ride a motorcycle on public roads in your state. However, some states impose restrictions on new motorcycle riders for a period of time—for example, no riding at night or no carrying passengers for the first six months. Check your state's rules for any restrictions that explore to you.
You will also need motorcycle insurance before you ride. Most states require it by law, and your insurance company will want to see your motorcycle endorsement. Some insurers offer lower rates if you have completed a safety course, so keep your course certificate.
Frequently Asked Questions
Do I need a motorcycle endorsement to ride a moped or scooter?
It depends on your state and the engine size. Most states require an endorsement for any motorized two-wheeler with an engine larger than 50 cubic centimeters. Smaller mopeds may not require an endorsement. Check your state's DMV website for the exact engine size threshold.
Can I take the motorcycle safety course if I don't already have a driver's license?
Most approved safety courses require you to have a valid driver's license before you enroll. A few states allow you to take the course without a license, but you still cannot get the motorcycle endorsement until you have a regular driver's license. Contact your local course provider to confirm their requirements.
What if I fail the riding test?
You can retake the riding test after a waiting period, usually a few days to a week. There is no limit to how many times you can retake it. Many riders take a few lessons from a motorcycle instructor between attempts to improve their skills.
Will my motorcycle insurance be cheaper if I take a safety course?
Most insurance companies offer a discount of 5 to 15 percent if you have completed an approved motorcycle safety course. The discount usually lasts for three to five years. Ask your insurance company about their specific discount before you enroll in a course.
Can I ride a motorcycle with a learner's permit?
Some states issue a motorcycle learner's permit that allows you to ride under certain restrictions—usually only during daylight hours and with a licensed rider present. Check your state's DMV website to see if a learner's permit is available and what the restrictions are.