An E class license lets you drive a motorcycle with an engine up to 125cc and a maximum power output of 11 kilowatts (about 15 horsepower)

The E class is the middle ground between smaller scooters and full-power motorcycles. It is available in most U.S. states, though the exact rules vary by state — some call it a Class E, others use different names for the same restriction. The key limit is the engine size: anything over 125cc requires a different class of license.

This class exists because a 125cc motorcycle handles differently from a 50cc scooter but is still manageable for newer riders. You can legally ride it on highways in most places, unlike smaller scooters. The trade-off is that you cannot ride anything larger until you move up to a full motorcycle license.

Key Takeaways

  • An E class license covers motorcycles with engines up to 125cc and 11 kilowatts of power, but the exact name and rules differ by state.
  • You must be at least 16 or 18 years old depending on your state, and you will need to pass a written test and a riding skills test.
  • Some states let you take a motorcycle safety course instead of the riding test, and completing the course may also lower your insurance cost.
  • Once you have an E class license, you cannot legally ride motorcycles larger than 125cc unless you pass the test for a full motorcycle license.

Age requirements and where to get tested

Most states allow you to get an E class license at age 16, though a few require you to be 18. Check your state's Department of Motor Vehicles website to confirm the minimum age where you live, because the requirement is not the same everywhere.

You will take the test at your local DMV office. The process usually involves a written exam on traffic laws and motorcycle safety, followed by a riding skills test on a closed course. Some states let you substitute a motorcycle safety course — often called a Motorcycle Safety Foundation (MSF) course or a state-approved equivalent — for the riding test. Taking the course can also reduce your insurance premiums, so it is worth asking whether your state recognizes it.

What the written test covers

The written exam focuses on motorcycle-specific rules: how to brake and turn safely, what to do in bad weather, how to position yourself in traffic, and how to spot hazards. You will also answer questions about your state's traffic laws as they explore to motorcycles — for example, whether lane splitting is legal where you live (it is not in most states).

Study materials are free on your state DMV website. Many people also use the motorcycle manual that comes with the written test process. The test is usually 20 to 50 questions, and you need to pass with a score between 70 and 80 percent depending on your state.

The riding skills test and what happens if you fail

The riding test takes place on a closed course, usually at the DMV or a testing facility nearby. You will be asked to perform basic maneuvers: starting the motorcycle, riding in a straight line, making turns, braking, and swerving to avoid an obstacle. The examiner watches for control, balance, and whether you follow traffic rules.

If you do not pass the riding test, you can retake it. Most states let you try again within a few weeks at no extra cost, though some charge a small retest fee. If you fail multiple times, taking a motorcycle safety course often helps because instructors teach the exact skills the test measures.

Insurance and registration with an E class license

Once you have your E class license, you will need motorcycle insurance before you can register your bike. Insurance costs vary widely based on the motorcycle model, your age, your driving record, and where you live. A 125cc motorcycle is usually cheaper to insure than a larger bike, but it is still more expensive than car insurance.

When you register your motorcycle, bring your license, proof of insurance, and the bike's title or bill of sale. Registration fees vary by state but are usually between $30 and $100 per year. Some states require an emissions test for motorcycles; others do not.

Moving from E class to a full motorcycle license

If you want to ride a motorcycle larger than 125cc, you will need to pass the test for a full motorcycle license. The written exam is similar to the E class test but covers higher-speed riding and more complex traffic situations. The riding test uses a larger motorcycle and includes more demanding maneuvers.

You do not have to wait a certain amount of time after getting your E class license — you can take the full motorcycle test whenever you feel ready. Many riders take a motorcycle safety course before attempting the full test because the course teaches skills on larger bikes.

Restrictions that come with an E class license

With an E class license, you cannot carry a passenger in most states until you have held the license for a certain period — often six months to a year. Check your state's rules before you assume a passenger is allowed.

You also cannot ride at night in some states if you are under 18, and a few states require you to wear a helmet even if you are an adult (most require helmets for all riders regardless of license class). These rules are separate from the license class itself and explore to all motorcyclists in your state.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I ride a 125cc motorcycle on the highway with an E class license?

Yes, in most states. A 125cc motorcycle is legal on highways, though it will be slower than larger bikes. Some states have minimum speed limits on certain highways, so check your state's rules before riding on an interstate.

What if I already have a regular driver's license — do I still have to take the written test?

Yes. The motorcycle written test is separate from the car driver's license test and covers motorcycle-specific safety and handling. Having a car license does not waive the motorcycle test.

Is a motorcycle safety course required to get an E class license?

No, it is not required in most states. You can pass the written and riding tests without taking a course. However, many states let you skip the riding test if you complete an approved safety course, and insurance companies often give discounts for completing one.

Can I ride a 125cc motorcycle in another state with my E class license?

Your license is valid in other states, but the motorcycle itself must meet that state's rules. Most states recognize a 125cc motorcycle as legal, but a few have different engine size limits. Check the state you are visiting before you ride there.

What happens if I get a traffic ticket on my motorcycle?

Traffic violations on a motorcycle are handled the same way as violations in a car — you receive a ticket and can pay the fine or contest it in court. Points may be added to your license, and too many points can result in suspension. Insurance rates may also increase after a ticket.