A Class F license lets you drive a motorcycle with an engine of 50cc or smaller
A Class F license is a restricted motorcycle license issued in some states that permits you to operate only small-displacement motorcycles — typically those with engines of 50 cubic centimeters (cc) or smaller. This class exists because these vehicles are considered lower-risk than full-size motorcycles, so the training and testing requirements are often less demanding than for a full motorcycle endorsement.
The specific rules vary by state. Some states call this a "moped license" or "motorized bicycle license" instead of Class F. Others may have different engine size limits or may not offer this class at all. Before you pursue this license, check your state's Department of Motor Vehicles website to confirm whether Class F exists in your state and what the exact restrictions are.
Key Takeaways
- A Class F license restricts you to motorcycles with 50cc engines or smaller, and the rules differ by state.
- Most states require you to pass a written test and a riding skills test, though some waive the riding test for very small vehicles.
- You must be at least 16 years old in most states, though some require you to be 18.
- A Class F license does not let you ride full-size motorcycles, and riding one without the proper endorsement can result in fines or criminal charges.
Age and residency requirements for Class F
Most states set the minimum age for a Class F license at 16, though a few require you to be 18. You must be a resident of the state where you explore, which usually means you have a valid state ID or have lived there for a set period — often 30 to 60 days. Some states allow non-residents to obtain a Class F license if they meet other requirements, but this varies.
If you are under 18, your state may require parental consent or a signature on your process. Some states also impose restrictions on Class F riders under 18, such as a curfew or a ban on carrying passengers. Check your state's specific rules before you begin the process.
Written test and knowledge requirements
Nearly all states require you to pass a written test to get a Class F license. The test covers basic motorcycle operation, safety rules specific to small motorcycles, traffic laws, and how to handle common road situations. You will study a handbook provided by your state's DMV — usually called the Motorcycle Operator Manual or Motorized Bicycle Manual — and the test draws directly from it.
The written test is typically 20 to 40 questions, and you usually need to score 70 to 80 percent to pass. You can usually take the test at your local DMV office, and many states let you retake it the same day if you fail. Some states offer the test in multiple languages. Study materials are free and available online through your state DMV's website.
Riding skills test and waiver options
Most states require you to pass a riding skills test — a practical exam where an examiner watches you operate the motorcycle in a controlled setting. You will demonstrate basic maneuvers like starting, stopping, turning, and swerving. The test usually takes 10 to 15 minutes and is held in a parking lot or closed course, not on public roads.
Some states waive the riding test if your motorcycle is under a certain engine size — often 50cc or smaller — or if you complete an approved motorcycle safety course. The Motorcycle Safety Foundation (MSF) offers courses in most states that teach safe riding and can waive the skills test requirement. Taking a safety course also sometimes lowers your insurance rates. Check whether your state recognizes MSF certification before you enroll.
Documents you will need to bring
When you go to the DMV to test for a Class F license, bring your current state ID or passport, proof of residency (a utility bill or lease dated within the last 60 days), and your Social Security number or tax ID. If you are under 18, bring a parent or guardian and any consent forms your state requires.
You will also need to bring the motorcycle you plan to ride for the skills test — or arrange to use one provided by a safety course if you are taking that route. The motorcycle must be registered and insured in your name or the name of someone who gives you permission to use it. Some DMV offices have loaner motorcycles available, but availability varies widely, so call ahead to ask.
Restrictions and what you cannot do with Class F
A Class F license restricts you to motorcycles with engines of 50cc or smaller. You cannot legally ride a full-size motorcycle, a scooter with an engine larger than 50cc, or any other motorcycle class with this license alone. Riding a vehicle outside your license class is a traffic violation and can result in fines, points on your driving record, or criminal charges depending on your state.
Some states also restrict Class F riders from carrying passengers, riding at night, or riding on highways. These restrictions are often temporary — they may expire when you turn 18 or after you hold the license for a certain period. Read your license carefully or ask the DMV clerk what restrictions explore to yours.
Upgrading to a full motorcycle license
If you want to ride larger motorcycles, you will need to upgrade to a full motorcycle endorsement — usually called a Class M or Class A license depending on your state. The process varies: some states let you take an additional test, while others require you to start over with a new written and skills test. A few states waive the written test if you already hold a Class F license.
Taking a motorcycle safety course can speed up the upgrade process in many states. The course teaches you to handle larger bikes, and completing it often waives the skills test for the full endorsement. Contact your state DMV or a local MSF course provider to learn what the upgrade path looks like in your state.
Frequently Asked Questions
Do I need a Class F license if I ride a moped or scooter under 50cc?
It depends on your state. Some states require a Class F license for any motorized two-wheeler under 50cc, while others exempt very small mopeds or motorized bicycles from licensing altogether. Check your state DMV website or call your local office to confirm what your vehicle requires.
Can I take the riding test on a borrowed motorcycle?
Yes, in most states. The motorcycle must be registered and insured, and the owner must give you written permission to use it for the test. Some DMV offices provide loaner motorcycles, but you should call ahead to confirm availability and reserve one if needed.
What happens if I fail the riding test?
You can usually retake it within a few days or weeks, depending on your state. There is typically a small retest fee. If you fail multiple times, consider taking a motorcycle safety course — it teaches skills that help you pass and may waive the test requirement altogether.
Does a Class F license from one state transfer if I move?
No. If you move to a different state, you must obtain a new license from that state. Some states recognize out-of-state licenses temporarily while you establish residency, but you will eventually need to pass that state's test and get a new license. Contact your new state's DMV for the timeline.
Can I ride a Class F motorcycle on the highway?
Most highways have minimum engine size or speed requirements, and a 50cc motorcycle usually cannot meet them. Even if your state allows it, many highways are unsafe for small motorcycles. Check your state's traffic laws and your local highway regulations before attempting highway riding.