A Class DM license lets you drive a motorcycle with an engine of 50cc or smaller, and sometimes a moped, depending on your state

The Class DM is the smallest motorcycle license category. It covers motorcycles with engines at or below 50 cubic centimeters (cc) and, in many states, mopeds that meet similar engine size limits. Some states call this a "Moped" or "Motorized Bicycle" license instead of DM, but the restrictions are similar: you are limited to very small engines and lower speeds.

The exact rules vary by state. Some states issue a DM endorsement that you add to a regular driver's license, while others issue it as a standalone license. A few states do not use the DM classification at all and instead lump small motorcycles into a different category. Before you pursue a DM license, check your state's motor vehicle department website to confirm what vehicles it covers where you live.

Key Takeaways

  • A Class DM license covers motorcycles with engines of 50cc or smaller, and often mopeds, though the exact definition varies by state.
  • You typically need to pass a written test on motorcycle safety and traffic laws, and a riding skills test on a small motorcycle.
  • Some states require you to complete a motorcycle safety course before you can take the riding test, while others make the course optional but waive the test if you finish it.
  • A DM license does not automatically transfer between states, so if you move, you may need to retake the test or convert your license through your new state's process.

What vehicles you can and cannot ride

With a Class DM license, you can operate any motorcycle with an engine of 50cc or smaller. This includes small street bikes, scooters, and mopeds that fall within the engine size limit. You cannot ride anything larger—a 51cc motorcycle or bigger requires a higher class of motorcycle license, usually Class M or M1.

Some states also restrict where you can ride. A few do not allow DM riders on interstate highways or expressways, or limit you to roads with speed limits below a certain threshold (often 35 or 45 mph). Check your state's rules before you buy a bike, because you may discover your new motorcycle is legal to own but not legal for you to ride on certain roads.

How to get a Class DM license

The process starts with your state's motor vehicle department. You will need to bring proof of identity, proof of residency, and your Social Security number or tax ID. Most states also require you to pass a vision test and a written test on motorcycle safety, traffic laws, and road signs.

After you pass the written test, you take a riding skills test. You perform a series of maneuvers on a small motorcycle—usually provided by the testing site—to show you can control the bike, brake safely, and handle turns. Some states let you use your own motorcycle if it is registered and insured. The riding test usually takes 15 to 30 minutes.

Many states offer a shortcut: if you complete an approved motorcycle safety course, you can skip the riding test or sometimes both tests. The course typically runs one or two days and includes classroom time and hands-on riding. Some courses are free or low-cost through community colleges or nonprofit organizations; others charge a fee. Finishing the course also often lowers your insurance premium, so the cost may pay for itself.

Age requirements and restrictions

Most states allow you to get a Class DM license at 15 or 16, younger than the age for a full motorcycle license. A few states set the minimum at 14. Some states issue a restricted DM license to younger riders—for example, you might not be allowed to carry a passenger, or you might have a curfew on when you can ride.

If you are under 18, your state may require parental consent and may impose additional restrictions like mandatory helmet use (which is actually a good idea at any age) or a limit on engine size even within the 50cc category. Check your state's rules for your specific age.

Written test topics and what to study

The written test covers motorcycle-specific knowledge that does not appear on a regular driver's license test. You will answer questions about how to start and stop a motorcycle, how to lean into turns, how to brake without locking the wheels, and how to handle hazards like gravel or potholes. The test also includes standard traffic law questions: speed limits, right-of-way rules, and what different road signs mean.

Most states provide a study guide or handbook free on their motor vehicle department website. Some offer practice tests online so you can see the format and difficulty before you sit for the real test. The written test is usually 25 to 50 questions, and you need to score around 80 percent to pass. You typically get two or three attempts before you have to wait and reapply.

Riding test skills you need to demonstrate

The riding test evaluates whether you can control a motorcycle safely. You will be asked to perform a series of maneuvers in a closed course, usually a parking lot or small track. Common tasks include starting the bike, riding in a straight line, making sharp turns, braking smoothly, and swerving around an obstacle. The examiner watches for smooth throttle control, proper use of brakes, and awareness of your surroundings.

You do not need to be an informed rider to pass. The test is designed to show that you understand the basics and can handle the bike without dropping it or losing control. Most people who study the written material and practice the maneuvers a few times pass on their first try. If you do not pass, you can usually retake the test after a waiting period of a few days or a week.

Insurance and registration for a 50cc motorcycle

Even though a 50cc motorcycle is small, you still need to register it with your state and carry insurance. Registration fees and insurance costs are usually lower than for larger motorcycles, but they are not zero. Some states require only liability insurance; others require comprehensive and collision coverage as well. A few states exempt 50cc vehicles from insurance requirements, but this is rare—check your state's rules.

Insurance for a 50cc bike typically costs between $100 and $300 per year, depending on your age, riding history, and the specific bike. If you completed a motorcycle safety course, many insurers will give you a discount of 5 to 15 percent. Registering the bike usually costs $20 to $50 annually, though this varies widely by state.

Moving to another state with a Class DM license

A Class DM license from one state does not automatically work in another state. When you move, you have two options: convert your license through your new state's process, or retake the test. Most states allow you to convert an out-of-state motorcycle license without retesting if you show proof that you passed a riding test in your previous state. You will still need to pass a written test on your new state's traffic laws and road signs.

A few states require you to retake both the written and riding tests, even if you have a valid motorcycle license from elsewhere. Before you move, contact your new state's motor vehicle department to find out what they require. If you need to retake the riding test, you can often use your own motorcycle if it is registered and insured in your new state.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I ride a 50cc motorcycle on the highway?

It depends on your state. Some states allow 50cc riders on all roads, including interstates. Others ban them from highways or expressways, or restrict them to roads with lower speed limits. Check your state's motor vehicle handbook or call your local DMV to find out what roads are open to you.

Do I need a Class DM license if I own a 50cc scooter?

In most states, yes. Even though a scooter is small and slow, it is still a motorized vehicle and requires a license to operate on public roads. A few states exempt very small mopeds (usually defined as 50cc or less with pedals), but this is uncommon. Check your state's definition of a moped versus a motorcycle.

What happens if I ride a motorcycle larger than 50cc on a Class DM license?

You are breaking the law. Riding an unlicensed vehicle class can result in a ticket, a fine, and points on your driving record. Your insurance will not cover any accident or damage. If you want to ride a larger motorcycle, you need to take the test for the appropriate license class.

How long does a Class DM license last?

Most states issue motorcycle licenses that expire every four to eight years, the same as a regular driver's license. You renew it by mail, online, or in person at your motor vehicle office. Some states require you to retake the written test when you renew; others do not. Check your state's renewal rules.

Can I get a Class DM license if I have never ridden a motorcycle before?

Yes. You do not need prior riding experience to take the test. Many people get their first motorcycle license without ever having ridden before. Taking a motorcycle safety course before the test is a good idea if you have no experience—it teaches you the basics and gives you practice time on a bike.