An M endorsement lets you legally ride a motorcycle or motorized bicycle on public roads

An M endorsement is an addition to your driver's license that permits you to operate a motorcycle. Without it, riding a motorcycle is illegal, even if you hold a regular driver's license. The endorsement appears as a code or letter on your license — the exact format depends on your state, but it signals to law enforcement that you have met your state's requirements for motorcycle operation.

The M stands for "motorcycle," and it is separate from your standard driving privileges. You cannot straightforward ride a motorcycle because you can drive a car. Each state sets its own rules for who can get an M endorsement, what training or testing is required, and what types of motorcycles or motorized bikes the endorsement covers.

Key Takeaways

  • An M endorsement is a legal requirement in every state to ride a motorcycle on public roads; driving a car does not give you this permission.
  • Most states require you to pass a written test about motorcycle safety and rules, and a riding skills test on an actual motorcycle.
  • Some states offer a waiver of the riding test if you complete an approved motorcycle safety course, which also often reduces your insurance cost.
  • The endorsement typically costs between $10 and $50 in addition to your regular license renewal fee, though this varies by state.
  • An M endorsement usually appears as a letter code (such as "M" or "MC") printed on your license or as a restriction code in your state's system.

How to get an M endorsement in your state

The process begins at your state's Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) or equivalent agency. You will need to bring your current driver's license, proof of identity, and proof of residency. Some states also require a vision test before you can take the motorcycle tests.

Most states require two separate tests: a written knowledge test and a riding skills test. The written test covers motorcycle-specific rules, hazard recognition, and safe riding practices. The riding test takes place on a closed course or parking lot where an examiner watches you perform basic maneuvers like starting, stopping, turning, and swerving.

If you do not want to take the riding test, many states allow you to take an approved motorcycle safety course instead. These courses, often called Motorcycle Safety Foundation (MSF) courses or state-equivalent programs, teach you to ride and then administer their own riding test. If you pass the course, your state will waive the DMV riding test and grant the endorsement. This route often costs $150 to $300 for the course but saves you the DMV test fee and frequently qualifies you for an insurance discount.

What types of motorcycles the endorsement covers

A standard M endorsement covers all motorcycles — from small 50cc bikes to large touring motorcycles. However, some states issue a restricted M endorsement if you pass your test on a smaller motorcycle (usually under 500cc). A restricted endorsement may limit you to riding only motorcycles of similar size, or it may restrict you from riding on certain highways.

A few states also distinguish between motorcycles and motorized bicycles or mopeds. If your state treats mopeds as a separate category, you may need a different endorsement or no endorsement at all, depending on the engine size and top speed. Check your state's DMV website to see whether the M endorsement covers the specific vehicle you want to ride.

Age requirements and restrictions

Every state sets a minimum age for an M endorsement, but the age varies. Most states allow riders as young as 16 or 17 to get an M endorsement, though some require you to be 18. A few states have a two-tier system: younger riders can get a restricted endorsement at a lower age, then upgrade to an unrestricted one at 18.

Some states also impose restrictions on younger riders, such as a requirement to wear a helmet, a ban on carrying passengers, or limits on riding at night. These restrictions typically expire when you reach a certain age, usually 18 or 21. Your state's DMV can tell you what restrictions, if any, explore to your age group.

Cost and renewal of an M endorsement

Adding an M endorsement to your license typically costs between $10 and $50, depending on your state. This fee is usually separate from your regular driver's license renewal fee. Some states charge a one-time fee to add the endorsement, while others charge a small amount each time you renew your license.

When you renew your driver's license, the M endorsement renews with it at no additional cost in most states. You do not need to retake the tests unless your state requires periodic renewal testing, which is rare. If your license is suspended or revoked, the endorsement is suspended or revoked along with it.

Why you need an M endorsement and what happens without one

An M endorsement exists because riding a motorcycle requires different skills and knowledge than driving a car. Motorcycles have no protective shell, require balance and coordination, and behave differently in traffic and weather. States use the endorsement to may support that riders have demonstrated basic competence before they operate a motorcycle on public roads.

Riding a motorcycle without an M endorsement is illegal and can result in a traffic citation, a fine (typically $100 to $500 or more), points on your driving record, and possible license suspension. If you are in an accident while riding without the endorsement, your insurance may refuse to cover the damage or injury. Law enforcement can stop you for riding a motorcycle and check your license on the spot.

Transferring an M endorsement to another state

If you move to a new state, you will need to get a new driver's license in that state. Most states will recognize your M endorsement from your previous state and add it to your new license without requiring you to retake the tests, though you may need to pay a small transfer fee.

However, some states have different rules or may require you to pass a written test specific to their motorcycle laws. Contact your new state's DMV before you move to find out whether you need to take any tests or provide any documentation from your previous state's license.

Frequently Asked Questions

Do I need an M endorsement to ride a moped or scooter?

It depends on your state and the vehicle's engine size. Most states define a moped as having an engine under 50cc and do not require an M endorsement for mopeds. Larger scooters and all motorcycles require an M endorsement. Check your state's DMV website or call them to confirm the rules for the specific vehicle you want to ride.

Can I take the motorcycle safety course instead of the DMV riding test?

Yes, in most states. An approved motorcycle safety course (such as an MSF Basic Rider Course) includes classroom instruction and a riding test. If you pass, your state will issue the M endorsement without requiring you to take the DMV riding test. The course usually takes one or two days and costs $150 to $300.

What happens if I fail the riding test?

You can retake the test, usually after waiting a few days or weeks. There is no limit to how many times you can retake it, though you may have to pay the test fee each time. Many people pass on their second or third attempt after practicing more.

Will my car insurance cover me if I ride a motorcycle?

No. Car insurance does not cover motorcycles. You need a separate motorcycle insurance policy. When you get an M endorsement, you should also contact an insurance agent to purchase motorcycle coverage before you ride.

Can I get an M endorsement if my driver's license is suspended?

No. You must have a valid, unsuspended driver's license to add an M endorsement. If your license is suspended, you will need to resolve that issue first.