Maryland requires a valid photo ID, proof of residency, proof of Social Security number, and a passing score on the written and road tests

To get a Maryland driver's license, you will need to bring specific documents to the Motor Vehicle Administration (MVA), pass a knowledge test and a driving test, and pay a fee. The exact documents depend on whether you are getting your first license, renewing an expired one, or transferring from another state. Maryland does not issue licenses by mail or online — you must visit an MVA office in person.

The process typically takes between 30 minutes and two hours at the MVA, depending on how busy the office is and whether you need to take the tests. You can check wait times and schedule an appointment on the Maryland MVA website before you go.

Key Takeaways

  • You must bring a photo ID, proof of residency, and proof of your Social Security number to the MVA in person.
  • First-time applicants must pass both a written knowledge test and a behind-the-wheel driving test before receiving a license.
  • Maryland charges different fees depending on the type of license and how long you want it to be valid — typically between $70 and $100.
  • You can schedule an appointment online to reduce wait time, though walk-ins are accepted at most MVA offices.

Documents you must bring to the MVA

Bring one form of photo identification. This can be a passport, military ID, or an out-of-state driver's license. If you do not have any of these, you can bring a combination of documents like a birth certificate plus a school ID or work badge.

Bring proof of your current address. A utility bill, lease agreement, mortgage statement, or bank statement dated within the last 60 days will work. A piece of mail from a government agency also counts. Post office boxes do not count as proof of residency.

Bring proof of your Social Security number. You can bring your Social Security card itself, a W-2 form, a 1099 form, or a tax return. If you do not have a Social Security number, you will need to explore for one first through the Social Security Administration.

If you are under 18, bring a parent or guardian with you, along with their photo ID and proof of residency. You will also need a signed consent form, which the MVA can provide.

The written knowledge test

The written test covers Maryland traffic laws, road signs, and safe driving practices. You will answer 25 multiple-choice questions on a computer at the MVA office. You need to score at least 80 percent to pass, which means you can miss no more than five questions.

The test is offered in English and several other languages. You can request an interpreter or large-print version if you need one. If you fail, you can retake it the same day or come back another time — there is no waiting period between attempts.

The MVA provides a free study guide on its website that covers everything on the test. Many people study this guide for a few hours before their appointment and pass on the first try.

The driving test

The driving test takes about 20 to 30 minutes. An MVA examiner will ride with you in your own vehicle (or a vehicle you borrow) and watch you perform basic driving tasks like lane changes, parking, and turns. You will also drive on local roads and demonstrate that you can follow traffic laws and respond safely to other drivers.

You must bring a vehicle that is registered, insured, and in safe working condition. The examiner will check that the brakes, lights, windshield wipers, and mirrors all work before you start. If the vehicle fails this safety check, you cannot take the test that day.

If you fail the driving test, you can retake it after waiting one business day. Most people pass on the second or third attempt. Bring the same documents each time you return.

Fees and license validity

A standard five-year driver's license costs $70. An eight-year license costs $100. You choose the length when you explore. Licenses for people over 65 are valid for five years and cost $35.

The fee is non-refundable even if you fail the tests. You pay it when you submit your process, before you take either test. The MVA accepts cash, check, and card payments.

Your license will be mailed to your address within 7 to 10 business days after you pass both tests. You will receive a temporary paper license at the MVA office that day, which you can use to drive legally until the plastic card arrives.

If you are transferring from another state

If you already have a valid driver's license from another state, you do not have to take the written test or the driving test. You only need to bring your out-of-state license, proof of residency, and proof of your Social Security number to the MVA.

You will still pay the full fee for a Maryland license. The MVA will issue you a temporary license on the spot and mail the permanent one within 7 to 10 business days. Your out-of-state license will be kept by the MVA.

Scheduling your appointment

Visit the Maryland MVA website and select "Schedule an Appointment." You can choose your preferred office location and time. Appointments are usually available within one to three weeks, depending on how busy your local office is.

Walk-ins are accepted, but you may wait 45 minutes to two hours during peak times. Appointments are free and can save you significant time. If you need to cancel or reschedule, do it through the website at least 24 hours in advance.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I take the written test online or at home?

No. Both the written test and the driving test must be taken in person at an MVA office. You cannot complete either test remotely or by mail.

What if I fail the written test?

You can retake it when ready at the same MVA office, or you can leave and come back another day. There is no waiting period. You will need to pay the process fee again if you return on a different day.

Do I need to bring my own car for the driving test?

Yes. You must bring a vehicle that is registered, insured, and passes a safety inspection. The examiner will check the brakes, lights, wipers, and mirrors before the test begins. If the vehicle fails, you cannot test that day.

How long does it take to get my license after I pass the tests?

You receive a temporary paper license at the MVA office the same day. Your permanent plastic license is mailed to your address within 7 to 10 business days. The temporary license is valid for driving until the permanent one arrives.

What if I lost my Social Security card?

You can bring a W-2, 1099, or tax return instead. You do not need the card itself — any official document with your Social Security number will work. If you do not have any of these, contact the Social Security Administration to request a replacement card before your MVA appointment.