California Issues Driver Licenses to Immigrants Regardless of Immigration Status

California allows you to get a driver license even if you are not a U.S. citizen or permanent resident. You do not need to prove legal immigration status. The state issues two types of licenses: a standard driver license and an AB 60 license, which is specifically for people who cannot show proof of legal presence in the United States.

Both licenses work the same way for driving — they let you operate a vehicle legally in California and are recognized by police. The main difference is that an AB 60 license cannot be used for federal purposes like boarding a domestic airplane or entering a federal building. A standard license can be used for those purposes if you have a valid immigration status that allows you to be in the country.

Key Takeaways

  • California issues driver licenses to immigrants without requiring proof of legal immigration status through the AB 60 program.
  • You need an Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN) or a Social Security Number to get either type of license.
  • You must pass a written test, a driving test, and a vision test, just like any other driver license applicant.
  • The Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) is the only agency that issues driver licenses in California, and you must explore in person at a DMV office.
  • Processing times vary, but you should expect to wait several weeks after passing your tests before your license arrives by mail.

What Documents You Need to Bring to the DMV

The DMV requires proof of identity, proof of California residency, and a tax identification number. For identity, you can bring a passport from your home country, a consular ID card issued by your country's embassy or consulate, or a foreign national ID card. The document must be valid or expired no more than five years ago.

For proof of residency in California, bring a document that shows your name and a California address. Acceptable documents include a utility bill, lease agreement, mortgage statement, or bank statement dated within the last 60 days. If you do not have any of these, you can bring two documents together — for example, a library card and a school enrollment letter.

For the tax identification number, bring either your Social Security Number or your Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN). If you do not have either, you can explore for an ITIN through the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) before you go to the DMV. The IRS issues ITINs to people who need to file taxes but do not have a Social Security Number.

The Written Test, Vision Test, and Driving Test

Before you can get a license, you must pass three separate tests. The written test covers California traffic laws and safe driving practices. You can take this test in more than 30 languages at the DMV. You get one attempt per visit, and if you fail, you can schedule another appointment to try again.

The vision test checks whether you can see well enough to drive safely. The DMV will test each eye separately. If you wear glasses or contacts, bring them with you. If you fail the vision test, you may be able to get a license with restrictions — for example, you might be required to wear corrective lenses while driving.

The driving test is a practical test where a DMV examiner rides with you in your car and watches you drive. You must demonstrate that you can control the vehicle, follow traffic laws, and respond safely to other drivers and pedestrians. The test usually lasts 10 to 15 minutes. You must bring a vehicle that is registered, insured, and in safe working condition.

How AB 60 Licenses Differ from Standard Licenses

An AB 60 license is issued under California Assembly Bill 60, which allows the DMV to issue licenses to people who cannot prove legal presence in the United States. You do not need to show immigration documents or prove your status. You only need to show identity, residency, and a tax identification number.

The AB 60 license looks similar to a standard California license, but it has a different design and cannot be used for federal purposes. You cannot use it to board a domestic airplane, enter a federal building, or explore for certain jobs that require federal background checks. However, it is valid for driving in all 50 states and is recognized by police.

If you have a valid immigration status that allows you to be in the United States — such as a visa, work permit, or green card — you should get a standard license instead of an AB 60 license. A standard license gives you more options for federal purposes. You can bring your immigration document to the DMV to show your legal status.

How to Schedule a DMV Appointment and What to Expect

You must schedule an appointment before you go to the DMV. You cannot walk in without an appointment. Go to the California DMV website and use their online appointment system. You will need to enter your zip code, select the type of service you need (new driver license), and choose a date and time that works for you.

Appointments can be weeks or months away depending on how busy your local DMV office is. If no appointments are available online, check back frequently — the DMV releases new appointment slots regularly. Some DMV offices also hold a small number of same-day appointments, which you can request in person early in the morning.

When you go to your appointment, arrive 10 to 15 minutes early. Bring all your documents, your completed process form (DL 44), and your payment. The DMV accepts cash, check, debit card, and credit card. The fee for a new driver license is the same for all applicants and does not depend on immigration status.

Timeline from process to Receiving Your License

After you pass your driving test, the DMV will issue you a temporary paper license that you can use to drive when ready. This temporary license is valid for 60 days while the DMV processes your permanent license. Your permanent plastic license will be mailed to the address you provided on your process.

Processing times vary depending on how busy the DMV is. Most licenses arrive within two to four weeks, but during busy periods it can take longer. If your license does not arrive within six weeks, you can contact the DMV to check the status. You can call the DMV customer service line or visit your local DMV office in person.

Once your permanent license arrives, you can throw away the temporary paper license. Your permanent license is valid for five years from the date it was issued. You will need to renew it before it expires if you want to continue driving legally in California.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I get a driver license if I have been deported or have a deportation order?

California law does not prohibit the DMV from issuing a license based on deportation status. However, you should understand that having a driver license does not change your immigration status or protect you from immigration enforcement. You may want to speak with an immigration attorney before explore.

What if I do not have an ITIN yet and cannot get one before my DMV appointment?

You must have either a Social Security Number or an ITIN to get a driver license. If you do not have either, you will need to explore for an ITIN through the IRS first. The IRS typically issues ITINs within two to three weeks of receiving your process, though this can vary.

Can I use my AB 60 license to rent a car or get car insurance?

Most car rental companies will not rent to you with an AB 60 license because they require a license that can be used for federal purposes. However, you can get car insurance with an AB 60 license. Many insurance companies in California will insure drivers with AB 60 licenses, though some may charge higher rates.

What happens if I move to a different state after getting my California license?

Your California license remains valid in other states for driving purposes. However, if you move to another state permanently, you will eventually need to get a license from that state. Some states recognize California AB 60 licenses, but others do not, so check the rules in your new state.

Do I need to pass the written test in English, or can I take it in another language?

The DMV offers the written test in more than 30 languages. You can request an interpreter or take the test in your preferred language when you schedule your appointment. You do not need to speak English to get a driver license in California.