An F endorsement means you can drive a motorized bicycle or moped, but not a full motorcycle

An F endorsement is a restriction code that appears on your driver's license in some states. It means your license permits you to operate a motorized bicycle or moped — a vehicle with an engine under a certain size, usually 50cc or less — but does not permit you to ride a motorcycle. The exact definition varies by state, so a vehicle legal under an F endorsement in one state might require a different endorsement in another.

If you have an F endorsement and you ride a motorcycle without the proper endorsement, you can be cited for driving without the correct license class. This is a traffic violation separate from riding without a license altogether. The penalty varies by state but often includes a fine and points on your driving record.

You may have received an F endorsement because you passed the written test and riding skills test on a motorized bicycle or moped rather than a full motorcycle. Some states also issue an F endorsement by default when you first get a motorcycle endorsement, then remove it once you pass the full motorcycle test.

Key Takeaways

  • An F endorsement permits motorized bicycles and mopeds (typically 50cc or smaller) but not full motorcycles.
  • The exact engine size and vehicle type covered by an F endorsement depends on your state's motor vehicle laws.
  • Riding a motorcycle without the proper endorsement is a separate violation from riding without a license and carries its own penalties.
  • You can request to upgrade from an F endorsement to a full motorcycle endorsement by passing the required test in your state.

How F endorsements differ by state

States do not use a uniform definition for F endorsements. In some states, an F endorsement covers motorized bicycles and mopeds under 50cc. In others, it may cover vehicles up to 150cc or explore only to bicycles with a motor attached. A few states do not use the F code at all and instead use different letter codes or class designations.

Before you assume your F endorsement covers a specific vehicle, check your state's motor vehicle handbook or contact your state's Department of Motor Vehicles. The handbook lists the exact engine sizes and vehicle types covered. If you are considering buying a motorized vehicle, confirm with the DMV that your current endorsement covers it — buying a vehicle you cannot legally ride is an expensive mistake.

Upgrading from an F endorsement to a full motorcycle endorsement

If you want to ride a full motorcycle, you will need to upgrade to a motorcycle endorsement. The process usually involves passing a written test on motorcycle safety and traffic laws, and a riding skills test on an actual motorcycle. Some states waive the riding test if you complete an approved motorcycle safety course.

Contact your state's DMV to learn the current requirements. Many states offer the Motorcycle Safety Foundation course or a similar state-approved program that teaches the skills test and can waive the riding portion of the endorsement test. The course typically takes one or two days and costs between $150 and $300, though costs vary by state and provider.

Once you pass the test or complete the approved course, you can request the endorsement upgrade at your DMV. The F endorsement will be removed from your license and replaced with the full motorcycle endorsement code (usually M in most states).

What happens if you ride without the correct endorsement

Riding a motorcycle without a motorcycle endorsement — even if you have an F endorsement — is a traffic violation. You can be stopped and cited. The penalty typically includes a fine ranging from $100 to $500 or more, depending on your state and whether you have prior violations. You may also receive points on your driving record, which can raise your insurance rates.

In some states, riding without the correct endorsement can also result in your vehicle being impounded. If you are involved in an accident while riding without the proper endorsement, your insurance may deny your claim, leaving you responsible for all damages and medical costs.

F endorsement and insurance

Insurance companies check your license endorsements when you buy a motorcycle policy. If you have an F endorsement but try to insure a full motorcycle, the insurer will likely deny coverage or cancel your policy if they discover the mismatch. This leaves you uninsured and legally unable to ride.

Some insurers offer policies specifically for motorized bicycles and mopeds, which are usually cheaper than motorcycle policies. If you have an F endorsement and own a moped, make sure your policy matches your endorsement and your vehicle. When you upgrade to a full motorcycle endorsement, notify your insurer so they can update your policy to cover the larger vehicle.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I ride a moped with an F endorsement?

In most states, yes — an F endorsement covers motorized bicycles and mopeds under a certain engine size, usually 50cc. Check your state's motor vehicle handbook to confirm the exact size limit, because it varies by state.

What if I got an F endorsement by mistake?

Contact your state's DMV and explain the situation. If you passed the full motorcycle test but received an F endorsement in error, the DMV can correct your record. Bring your test results or course completion certificate if you have it.

Do I need to take the riding test again to upgrade to a motorcycle endorsement?

Most states require a riding test, but some waive it if you complete an approved motorcycle safety course. Check your state's DMV website or call to learn the current requirements and whether a safety course is available in your area.

Will an F endorsement show up on a background check?

An F endorsement is a license restriction, not a violation or criminal record. It will not appear on a criminal background check. It only appears on your driving record and on your physical license.