An F endorsement lets you operate a motorized bicycle or moped on Michigan roads
An F endorsement is a restriction code that appears on your Michigan driver's license when you are legally permitted to ride a motorized bicycle or moped. It does not grant you permission — it documents that you have met the state's requirements to operate one of these vehicles. Without an F endorsement, you cannot legally ride a motorized bicycle in Michigan, even if you own one.
The endorsement itself is free. You get it by passing a written test about motorized bicycle rules and safety, paying the standard license renewal or replacement fee, and having your license reissued with the code printed on it. The process takes place at a Secretary of State office and usually completes in one visit.
Key Takeaways
- An F endorsement on your Michigan license means you have passed the written test and can legally operate a motorized bicycle or moped on public roads.
- You must be at least 15 years old and hold a valid Michigan driver's license or instruction permit to take the F endorsement test.
- The written test covers motorized bicycle operation, safety rules, and Michigan traffic laws specific to these vehicles.
- You pay only the standard license replacement fee (not an additional endorsement fee) and receive your updated license with the F code at the Secretary of State office.
Who needs an F endorsement in Michigan
You need an F endorsement if you want to operate a motorized bicycle or moped on any public road in Michigan. A motorized bicycle is defined as a bicycle with an attached motor of 50 cubic centimeters or less that can propel the bicycle at no more than 30 miles per hour on level ground. A moped is similar but may have slightly different engine specifications depending on the model year.
If you own a motorized bicycle but do not have an F endorsement, you cannot legally ride it on streets, highways, or any public right-of-way. You can only operate it on private property with the owner's permission. Riding without the endorsement can result in a traffic citation and fine.
Age and license requirements to get an F endorsement
You must be at least 15 years old and hold either a valid Michigan driver's license or a Michigan instruction permit. If you are 15 or 16, you may hold only an instruction permit and still take the F endorsement test. If you are 17 or older, you need a full driver's license.
Your license or permit must be current and not suspended or revoked. If your license is expired, you will need to renew it before you can add the F endorsement. The Secretary of State office can handle both the renewal and the endorsement addition in the same transaction.
How to take the F endorsement written test
Visit any Secretary of State office in Michigan and tell the staff member you want to take the motorized bicycle (F endorsement) test. You do not need to schedule an appointment at most locations, though calling ahead can confirm wait times. Bring your current driver's license or instruction permit and a form of identification.
The test is administered on a computer at the office. It covers Michigan traffic laws as they explore to motorized bicycles, safe riding practices, and rules of the road. The test is typically 20 to 30 questions and you must pass with a score of 80 percent or higher. If you fail, you can retake it the same day or return another time at no additional cost.
What happens after you pass the test
Once you pass, the Secretary of State office will process your license replacement. You pay the standard license replacement fee, which varies depending on whether you are renewing an expired license or adding an endorsement to a current one. As of 2024, a standard replacement typically costs between $10 and $25, but confirm the exact amount when you visit.
Your new license will be printed on the spot or mailed to you within 7 to 10 business days, depending on the office and the type of ID you requested. The F endorsement code will appear on the front or back of your license. Once you receive it, you can legally operate a motorized bicycle on Michigan public roads.
Rules you must follow with an F endorsement
Even with an F endorsement, Michigan law requires you to wear a helmet while operating a motorized bicycle. You must obey all traffic signals and signs, ride in the same direction as traffic, and use hand signals when turning. Motorized bicycles are not permitted on sidewalks or in bike lanes in most municipalities, though local ordinances vary.
You cannot operate a motorized bicycle under the influence of alcohol or drugs, and you must carry your license with you while riding. If you are under 18, some additional restrictions may explore depending on your license type. Check your specific license class and any restrictions printed on it.
Renewing or replacing your F endorsement
Your F endorsement stays on your license as long as your license is valid. When your license expires and you renew it, the F endorsement carries over automatically — you do not need to retake the test. If your license is lost, stolen, or damaged, you can get a replacement with the F endorsement intact by visiting a Secretary of State office and paying the replacement fee.
If your license is suspended or revoked for any reason, your F endorsement is also suspended or revoked. Once your driving privileges are restored, you can contact the Secretary of State to restore the endorsement without retaking the test.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I get an F endorsement if I do not have a driver's license yet?
No. You must hold either a valid Michigan driver's license or an instruction permit. If you are 15 or 16, an instruction permit is sufficient. If you are 17 or older, you need a full driver's license. You cannot get an F endorsement on its own.
What if I fail the F endorsement test?
You can retake the test when ready at the same Secretary of State office or return another time. There is no additional fee for retakes. Most people pass on the second attempt after reviewing the study materials provided by the Secretary of State.
Do I need insurance to ride a motorized bicycle with an F endorsement?
Michigan does not require insurance for motorized bicycles, but your homeowner's or renter's insurance may cover damage or liability. Check with your insurance company. Some riders choose to purchase additional coverage for peace of mind.
Can I ride a motorized bicycle on a highway with an F endorsement?
No. Motorized bicycles are not permitted on limited-access highways or freeways. You can ride on local roads, county roads, and state highways where motorized bicycles are not specifically prohibited by local ordinance. Check your city or county rules before riding.
What is the difference between an F endorsement and a motorcycle endorsement?
An F endorsement is for motorized bicycles and mopeds with engines 50 cubic centimeters or smaller. A motorcycle endorsement (M) is for larger motorcycles and requires a separate, more rigorous test. The two are not interchangeable.