What You Need to Know Before You Start
Texas issues driver's licenses through the Department of Public Safety (DPS), and the process differs depending on whether you are getting your first license, renewing an expired one, or converting an out-of-state license. You will need to pass a written test on traffic laws, a vision test, and a driving test — unless you meet specific exemptions. The entire process typically takes a few weeks from the time you submit your documents to the time you receive your license in the mail.
The state requires you to prove your identity, residency, and Social Security number before you can take any test. You cannot complete this online; you must visit a DPS Driver License office in person. Texas has over 130 of these offices across the state, and wait times vary widely depending on location and time of day.
Key Takeaways
- You must visit a DPS Driver License office in person with proof of identity, residency, and your Social Security number or Individual Tax Identification Number.
- Texas requires a written test on traffic laws, a vision screening, and a driving test unless you hold a valid license from another state or meet other exemptions.
- The written test covers Texas traffic laws and safe driving practices; you can study using the official DPS manual available free online.
- Your temporary paper license is valid for 45 days while your plastic card is being printed and mailed to you.
- Fees vary by license type and duration; a standard five-year license costs less than a Real ID-compliant license.
Documents You Must Bring to the DPS Office
Texas requires proof of identity, proof of residency, and proof of your Social Security number or ITIN. For identity, you can bring a valid passport, a certified birth certificate, a military ID, or a state ID from another state. A driver's license from another state counts as both identity and proof that you have passed testing elsewhere.
For residency, bring a recent utility bill, a lease or mortgage statement, a bank statement, or a government document with your current Texas address. The document must show your name and address and be dated within the last 30 days. If you do not have a recent document in your name, you can bring an affidavit of residency signed by someone who lives with you and has a document proving their residency.
For your Social Security number, bring your Social Security card, a W-2 form, a tax return, or a document from the Social Security Administration. If you do not have a Social Security number, you can bring an Individual Tax Identification Number (ITIN) letter from the IRS instead.
The Written Test and What It Covers
The written test has 30 multiple-choice questions about Texas traffic laws, road signs, and safe driving practices. You must answer at least 21 questions correctly to pass. The test is offered in English and Spanish, and you can request large-print or audio versions if you need them.
The DPS publishes the official study manual free on its website; it is called the Texas Driver Handbook. The test questions come directly from this manual, so studying it is the most direct way to prepare. You can take the test on the same day you visit the office, or you can schedule a separate appointment just for the test if you want more time to study.
If you fail the written test, you can retake it the same day or schedule another appointment. There is no limit to how many times you can retake it, though you will pay a fee each time.
The Driving Test: What the Examiner Checks
The driving test lasts about 20 to 30 minutes and takes place on public roads near the DPS office. The examiner will ask you to perform basic maneuvers such as backing up, parallel parking, turning, and stopping. They will also observe how you handle traffic, follow traffic signals, and respond to other vehicles.
You must bring a vehicle that is registered, insured, and in safe working condition. The vehicle must have working brakes, lights, windshield wipers, and mirrors. If you bring a vehicle that fails inspection, you will not be allowed to take the test and will need to reschedule.
If you fail the driving test, you can retake it after waiting at least one day. You will pay a fee for each attempt. Most people pass on their second or third try.
Who Can Skip the Driving Test
If you hold a valid driver's license from another U.S. state or territory, you do not have to take the driving test. You will still need to pass the written test on Texas traffic laws and pay the license fee. This is called a license transfer and is faster than the full testing process.
If you are over 85 years old, you can renew your license by mail without taking any test, as long as your previous license was not suspended or revoked. If you are between 79 and 84, you must renew in person but do not have to take the driving test.
Military members and veterans may be exempt from certain fees or testing requirements. Check the DPS website or ask at your local office about military discounts and exemptions.
License Types and Fees
Texas offers a standard driver's license and a Real ID-compliant license. The standard license costs less but cannot be used for federal purposes such as boarding a domestic flight or entering a federal building. The Real ID license costs more but meets federal identification standards and can be used for these purposes.
You can choose a license valid for 5 years or 8 years; the 8-year license costs more but lasts longer. Fees vary by type and duration. As of 2024, a standard 5-year license costs around $25, while a Real ID 5-year license costs around $45. These prices change periodically, so confirm the current fee at your local DPS office or on the DPS website.
If you need a replacement license because yours was lost or stolen, you will pay a replacement fee in addition to the renewal fee. If you need to change your name or address, you may need to bring additional documents.
Your Temporary License and When Your Permanent Card Arrives
When you pass all tests and pay your fee, the DPS will issue you a temporary paper license on the spot. This temporary license is valid for 45 days and can be used anywhere a regular driver's license is accepted. Your plastic card will be printed and mailed to your address within two to three weeks, though delays can occur.
If your plastic card does not arrive within four weeks, contact the DPS to check the status. You can use your temporary license to drive during this time. Once your plastic card arrives, the temporary license is no longer valid.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I take the written test online or by mail?
No. You must visit a DPS Driver License office in person to take the written test and the vision screening. You cannot complete any part of the process remotely. However, you can study for the written test at home using the free Texas Driver Handbook on the DPS website.
What happens if I fail the vision screening?
If you fail the vision test, you will not be issued a license. You will need to see an eye doctor, get a corrective lens prescription if needed, and return to the DPS office with proof that you now meet the vision standard. Some people are issued licenses with the restriction that they must wear corrective lenses while driving.
Do I need to schedule an appointment or can I just walk in?
Most DPS offices accept both walk-ins and appointments. Scheduling an appointment online through the DPS website usually results in shorter wait times. Walk-in wait times can be one to three hours depending on the office and time of day. You can check wait times on the DPS website before you go.
What if I move to a different address after I get my license?
You must update your address with the DPS within 30 days of moving. You can change your address online through the DPS website, by mail, or in person at a DPS office. Changing your address online is the fastest option and does not require a fee.
Can I get a license if I do not have a Social Security number?
Yes. If you do not have a Social Security number, you can bring an Individual Tax Identification Number (ITIN) letter from the IRS instead. The DPS will accept an ITIN in place of a Social Security number for all licensing purposes.